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J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2024;13(1): 61-73.
doi: 10.34172/jhp.2024.48087

Scopus ID: 85192255886
  Abstract View: 564
  PDF Download: 337

Original Article

Phytochemical screening, total phenolics, total flavonoids, total tannins, antioxidant activities, and α-glucosidase inhibition of ethanolic leaf extracts from 37 cultivars of Antidesma puncticulatum Miq.

Premsak Puangploy 1* ORCID logo, Ketinun Kittipongpittaya 1 ORCID logo, Jarinya Khoontawad 2 ORCID logo, Sujitar Jorjong 3 ORCID logo, Natsuda Phalangsuk 1 ORCID logo, Tananya Phansuwan 1 ORCID logo, Pawita Senngam 2 ORCID logo, Oraya Boonpul 2 ORCID logo, Kochamon Lertsit 2 ORCID logo, Karnjanapa Sooksabine 2 ORCID logo, Kamontip Tosonjit 2 ORCID logo, Nanthachaporn Kalarat 2 ORCID logo, Sudarath Sakhunkhu 3 ORCID logo

1 Department of Agro-Industry Technology and Management, Faculty of Agro-Industry, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Prachinburi Campus
2 Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Sakon Nakhon Campus
3 Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Sakon Nakhon Campus
*Corresponding Author: *Corresponding author: Premsak Puangploy, Email: , Email: premsak.p@agro.kmutnb.ac.th

Abstract

Introduction: Antidesma puncticulatum Miq., commonly known as Mao-Luang in Thailand, is a medicinal plant widely renowned for its abundance of bioactive compounds with diverse pharmacological properties. This study investigated the phytochemical components, antioxidant potentials, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of ethanolic leaf extracts from 37 cultivars of A. puncticulatum.

Methods: The leaves of 37 different varieties of A. puncticulatum were dried, finely ground, and then extracted using ethanol. The phytochemical screening, total amounts of phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins of the extracts were assessed. To evaluate their antioxidant potential, the extracts were subjected to the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) Assays. In addition, standard in vitro methods were used to determine the α-glucosidase-inhibitory activity of the extracts.

Results: Five phytochemical classes were detected in high concentrations in all of the extracts. Total phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins contents were in the range of 9.86-26.75 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry extract, 8.10-16.18 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g dry extract, and 14.83-33.67 mg CE/g dry extract, respectively. According to DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assay results, the antioxidant activities of the extracts were 5.10-9.07, 0.73-2.12, and 2.06- 4.01 mg ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidative capacity (AEAC)/g crude extract, respectively. Interestingly, the crude extracts from A. puncticulatum were more effective as α-glucosidase inhibitors than acarbose, with IC50 values ranging from 1.26 to 25.07 µg/mL.

Conclusion: The ethanolic leaf extracts of A. puncticulatum were potent sources of phytochemicals with antioxidant and antidiabetic properties. Therefore, more research is needed to substantiate their potential applications as therapeutic remedies for diabetes.


Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:

The extract of Antidesma puncticulatum leaves contained phytochemicals that possessed strong antidiabetic activity as confirmed by the low IC50 value tested by α-glucosidase inhibition assay compared to acarbose. Thus, they could be served as promising natural treatments for diabetic mellitus.

Please cite this paper as: Puangploy P, Kittipongpittaya K, Khoontawad J, Jorjong S, Phalangsuk N, Phansuwan T, et al. Phytochemical screening, total phenolics, total flavonoids, total tannins, antioxidant activities, and α-glucosidase inhibition of ethanolic leaf extracts from 37 cultivars of Antidesma puncticulatum Miq. J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2024;13(1):61-73. doi: 10.34172/ jhp.2024.48087.

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