Abstract
Introduction: Currently, Curcuma mangga has been found to display immunomodulatory activities on phagocytosis, antibody production, and cytokine release. The current study was conducted to formulate and characterize a C. mangga extract-loaded transferosome (CMT) and evaluate its effects against bacteria, oxidative stress, and protein denaturation by in vitro studies.
Methods: A thin-layer hydration method was used to develop transferosomes using phosphatidylcholine and Tween 80. Several characteristics, including particle size, zeta potential, pH, morphological structure, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro drug release, were assessed. Its antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods. Meanwhile, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects were investigated using broth microdilution and protein denaturation methods, respectively.
Results: The transferosome entrapped 95.80% C. mangga extract (CME) with a particle size of 216.9 ± 0.74 nm, and a zeta potential of -40.2 ± 0.28 mV. CMT indicated a spherical form with good size distribution. The transferosome inhibited protein denaturation and exhibited strong antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Propionibacterium acnes. Additionally, it showed strong antioxidant effects, with IC50 values of 70.31 ± 0.28 and 27.59 ± 0.01 µg/mL using the DPPH and ABTS methods, respectively.
Conclusion: The results indicate that CMTs have the potential to be used in treating infections and inflammation induced by a dysregulated immune system.