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J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2025;14(2): 208-216.
doi: 10.34172/jhp.2025.52651
  Abstract View: 24
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Original Article

In vitro evaluation of the inhibitory effects and antioxidant properties of hydro-ethanolic extracts from the roots of Sarcocephalus latifolius against Eimeria spp. sporozoites

Ferdinand Grégoire Tchodo 1,2* ORCID logo, Hervé Brice Dakpogan 2 ORCID logo, Banfitebiyi Gambogou 3 ORCID logo, Benjamin Adjei-Mensah 1 ORCID logo, Sabrina Sanvee 4 ORCID logo, Wéré Pitala 1 ORCID logo, Simplice Karou 1 ORCID logo, Kokou Tona 1 ORCID logo, Batomayena Bakoma 4 ORCID logo

1 Regional Center of Excellence in Poultry Science, University of Lome, BSP 1515, Lome, Togo
2 School of Animal Production System Management P. O. BOX 43 Ketou, National Agricultural University, 01 P. O. BOX 55 Porto-Novo, Benin
3 Institut Togolais de Recherche Agronomique, BSP 1163, Lome, Togo
4 Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Laboratory, University of Lome, BSP 1515, Lome, Togo
*Corresponding Author: Ferdinand Grégoire Tchodo, Email: gregoiretchodo@gmail.com

Abstract

Introduction: Coccidiosis is a severe and lethal parasitic disease affecting birds globally, caused by protozoans from the genus Eimeria, posing significant economic challenges. Africa native tree Sarcocephalus latifolius is traditionally used to treat diarrhea, gastrointestinal disorders and parasitic diseases. The present in vitro study aimed to evaluate the impact of a processed hydro-ethanolic extract of S. latifolius root on the survival of poultry Eimeria sporozoites.

Methods: Spectrophotometric methods were used to evaluate antioxidant activity, specifically the DPPH and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The total phenolic (TP) and flavonoid (TF) levels were also measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride techniques, respectively. The extract was tested in vitro for oocysticidal sporulation suppression at five different concentrations (25, 50, 75, 100, and 150 mg/mL). The reference controls were K2Cr2O7 (2.5%) and Amprolium (20%) (negative and positive, respectively).

Results: The ascorbic acid’s antioxidant activity (97.37±0.86 μM Fe(II)/g) and that of the S. latifolius root extract (86.21±4.28 μM Fe(II)/g) were comparable (P>0.05). S. latifolius root extract ability to trap free radicals was tested similar (P>0.05) to that of ascorbic acid. Compared to the untreated control, S. latifolius root extract significantly reduced (P<0.001) the count of sporulated Eimeria maxima oocysts to a level comparable to that of Amprolium 20% (P>0.05).

Conclusion: S. latifolius root extract seems to have the potential properties as an alternative to conventional anticoccidial drugs in controlling of poultry coccidiosis.


Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:

Sarcocephalus latifolius root extract has the capacity to prevent Eimeria oocyst sporulation while also scavenging free radicals. These results may indicate its potential benefits in controlling poultry coccidiosis. However, further in vivo investigations of its properties are required.

Please cite this paper as: Tchodo FG, Dakpogan HB, Gambogou B, Adjei-Mensah B, Sanvee S, Pitala W, Karou DS, et al. In vitro evaluation of the inhibitory effects and antioxidant properties of hydro-ethanolic extracts from the roots of Sarcocephalus latifolius against Eimeria spp. sporozoites. J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2025;14(2):208-216. doi: 10.34172/jhp.2025.52651.

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Submitted: 13 Jul 2024
Revision: 28 Aug 2024
Accepted: 28 Sep 2024
ePublished: 01 Apr 2025
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