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J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2024;13(1): 153-162.
doi: 10.34172/jhp.2024.48295

Scopus ID: 85185455414
  Abstract View: 570
  PDF Download: 345

Original Article

Antibacterial, bacteriolytic, antibiofilm, and synergistic effects of Curcuma species ethanol extracts with antibiotic against multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Yuandani Yuandani 1* ORCID logo, Abdi Wira Septama 2 ORCID logo, Dinda Sari Utami 3 ORCID logo, Sony Eka Nugraha 4 ORCID logo, Sufitni Sufitni 5 ORCID logo, Nur Aini Khairunnisa 6 ORCID logo, Halimah Raina Nasution 6 ORCID logo, Ramaza Rizka 7 ORCID logo

1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
2 Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, Tangerang 8 Selatan, Banten 15314, Indonesia
3 Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Muslim Nusantara Al Washliyah, North Sumatera, Indonesia
4 Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
5 Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
6 Graduate School of Master in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
7 Department of Hospital Pharmacy, dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
*Corresponding Author: Email: yuan_dani@yahoo.com

Abstract

Introduction: Curcuma species have shown antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The current study was conducted to analyze the antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of Curcuma species rhizomes, including Curcuma domestica, C. xanthorrhiza, C. mangga, C. zedoaria, and C. aeruginosa against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR P. aeruginosa). Furthermore, the mechanism action of Curcuma species in combination with antibiotic against MDR P. aeruginosa and its chemical component were also investigated.

Methods: Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was carried out by the microdilution method. The synergistic effects of the extract and tetracycline were determined by the checkerboard method. The effect of the combination of Curcuma species and tetracycline to prevent bacterial resistance was investigated using inhibition of biofilm formation, permeability of bacterial cell membrane, and EtBr accumulation methods. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was also performed.

Results: MIC of C. domestica, C. xanthorrhiza, and C. mangga against MDR P. aeruginosa were 125, 250, and 125 µg/mL, respectively. C. xanthorrhiza ethanol extract (7.8 µg/mL) in combination with tetracycline (1.9 µg/mL) revealed a synergistic activity with Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) value of 0.06. The combination of C. xanthorrhiza ethanol extract and tetracycline showed inhibitory effects on biofilm formation and efflux pump of MDR P. aeruginosa. This combination also had bacteriolytic activity. GC-MS analysis led to the identification of ar-turmerone (11.63%) and xanthorrhizol (11.36%) as the major compounds.

Conclusion: Combination of C. xanthorrhiza ethanol extract and tetracycline might be developed as an alternative treatment against MDR P. aeruginosa.


Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:

The study proposes that the combination of Curcuma xanthorrhiza extract and tetracycline holds promise as an alternative treatment for multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. This combination effectively inhibits biofilm formation and efflux pump, enhancing its efficacy against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Additionally, it exhibits bacteriolytic activity against MDR P. aeruginosa, potentially contributing to the reduction of antibiotic resistance and offering a natural-based therapy. However, further research is essential to elucidate its safety and effectiveness for human use.

Please cite this paper as: Yuandani, Septama AW, Utami DS, Nugraha SE, Sufitni, Khairunnisa NA, et al. Antibacterial, bacteriolytic, antibiofilm, and synergistic effects of Curcuma species ethanol extracts with antibiotic against multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2024;13(1):153-162. doi: 10.34172/jhp.2024.48295.

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Submitted: 07 Sep 2023
Revision: 08 Nov 2023
Accepted: 08 Nov 2023
ePublished: 01 Jan 2024
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