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J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2024;13(1): 144-152.
doi: 10.34172/jhp.2024.48247

Scopus ID: 85192248367
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Original Article

Phytochemical and in vitro anthelmintic properties of mesocarp of fruit extracts from Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile (Zygophyllaceae)

Mohamed Bonewendé Belemlilga 1, 2* ORCID logo, Félicité Moyenga 1, 3, Abdoul Gilchrist Laurent Boly 1, Hippolyte Ouédraogo 1,3, Souleymane Compaoré 1, 2, Jules Yoda 1, Estelle Noëla Hoho Youl 3, Félix Bondo Kini 1, Sylvin Ouédraogo 1, Aristide Traoré 1

1 Laboratoire de Recherche-Développement de Phytomédicaments et Médicaments (LR-D/PM), Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso
2 International Research Laboratory - Environnement, Santé, Sociétés (IRL 3189, ESS) CNRS/CNRST/UCAD/UGB/USTTB, Burkina Faso
3 Laboratoire de Développement du Médicament (LADME), Centre de Formation, de Recherche et d’Expertises en Sciences du Médicament (CEA-CFOREM), École Doctorale Sciences de la Santé (ED2S), Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
*Corresponding Author: International Research Laboratory - Environnement, Santé, Sociétés (IRL 3189, ESS) CNRS/CNRST/UCAD/UGB/USTTB, Burkina Faso. Email medilga@yahoo.fr
*Corresponding Author: Email: medilga@yahoo.fr

Abstract

Introduction: Balanites aegyptiaca L. (DEL) is a plant used in Burkina Faso in traditional medicine to treat gastrointestinal parasitosis. The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro anthelmintic activity of aqueous and hydro-ethanolic macerates (AM and HEM) of the fruit mesocarp from Balanites aegyptiaca against Haemonchus contortus.

Methods: Phytochemical screening of the extracts was done using thin-layer chromatography. The egg hatch inhibition assay (EHIA) at 0.125, 0.15, 0.25, 0.625, 1.25, and 5 mg/mL and Adult worms mortality assay (AWMA) at 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15 mg/mL concentrations were evaluated. Albendazole and levamisole were used as standards, and phosphate-buffered saline was used as a negative control. The antioxidant potential of extracts was evaluated using the ABTS [2,2’-azinobis (3-ethyl benzoin-6-sulphonate)] and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazine) methods and Fe3+ ion reducing power. The standards used were trolox and ascorbic acid.

Results: Several secondary metabolites such as sterols, triterpenes, tannins, flavonoids, coumarins, and saponins were identified. For EHIA, the AM was more effective than HEM with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 0.35 mg/mL and 0.43 mg/mL, respectively. AM was even more effective for AWMA than HEM, with 50% lethal concentrations (LC50) of 3.15 mg/mL and 8.37 mg/mL, respectively. The DPPH method gave an IC50 of 834.55 μg/mL and the capacity to reduce ferric ion (Fe3+) to ferrous ion (Fe2+) was 270.4 µmol/Ascorbic acid equivalent.

Conclusion: AM and HEM from the mesocarp of B. aegyptiaca have anthelmintic properties. AM is more effective than HEM, which justifies their use with priority for AM.


Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:

The fruit’s mesocarp of Balanites aegyptiaca is thought to have anthelmintic properties. So, its use in traditional medicine against helminths is justified and should be encouraged, given its efficacy. It also has an anti-free radical effect, which is of interest in fighting against stress associated with parasitic infections. The mesocarp of the fruit from B. aegyptiaca could be an essential source for developing nutraceuticals with anti-parasitic properties.

Please cite this paper as: Belemlilga BM, Moyenga F, Boly AGL, Ouédraogo H, Compaoré S, Yoda J, et al Phytochemical and in vitro anthelmintic properties of mesocarp of fruit extracts from Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile (Zygophyllaceae). J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2024;13(1):144-152. doi: 10.34172/jhp.2024.48247.

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Submitted: 10 Jul 2023
Revision: 04 Oct 2023
Accepted: 05 Oct 2023
ePublished: 01 Jan 2024
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