Antibacterial and cytotoxicity of chitosan nanocomposite loaded with thymol against some cariogenic bacteria

Matin Kordestani; Marzieh Rashidipour; Hossein Mahmoudvand; Shokofeh Jalali; Fahimeh Kooshki

doi:10.34172/jhp.2023.23

J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2023;12(2): 223-227.
doi: 10.34172/jhp.2023.23

Scopus ID: 85158168705

Abstract View: 804

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Original Article

Antibacterial and cytotoxicity of chitosan nanocomposite loaded with thymol against some cariogenic bacteria

Matin Kordestani ^1,2 , Marzieh Rashidipour ¹ , Hossein Mahmoudvand ¹ , Shokofeh Jalali ³ , Fahimeh Kooshki ⁴^*

¹ Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
² Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
³ Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
⁴ Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

*Corresponding Author: Fahimeh Kooshki, Email: dr.kooshki@gmail.com

Abstract

Introduction: Tooth decay as the most common infectious-nutritional disease in the world. The current work aims to investigate the antibacterial effect of thymol-loaded chitosan nanocomposite (TLCN) against Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces viscosus as the main cariogenic bacteria.

Methods: Antibacterial activity of TLCN was assessed on S. mutans and A. viscosus. The effects on protein leakage in the tested bacteria, as well as its cytotoxicity, were studied by Bradford’s method and cell viability assay, respectively.

Results: The size of the nanocomposite varied from 100 to 600 nm. The best minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) related to nanocomposite + chlorhexidine was reported 2.66 for both bacteria. TLCN dose-dependently increased the protein leakage (P<0.05). The 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC₅₀) of nanocomposite against on normal (HGF1-PI1) and cancer (KB) cells were 149.6 and 68.4 μg/mL, respectively.

Conclusion: TLCN, especially in combination with chlorhexidine, displayed potent antibacterial effects against the main cariogenic bacterial causes. Nevertheless, other examinations are required to illuminate the precise mechanisms and its toxicity mainly in clinical settings.

Keywords: Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces viscosus, Oral cavity, Tooth decay, Protein leakage

Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education:

We revealed that thymol-loaded chitosan nanocomposite (TLCN) had promising antibacterial effects against cariogenic bacterial causes. Nevertheless, supplementary examinations are obligatory to elucidate the precise mechanisms and its toxicity.

Please cite this paper as: Kordestani M, Rashidipour M, Mahmoudvand H, Jalali S, Kooshki F. Antibacterial and cytotoxicity of chitosan nanocomposite loaded with thymol against some cariogenic bacteria. J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2023;12(2):223-227. doi: 10.34172/jhp.2023.23.