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J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2022;11(3): 389-400.
doi: 10.34172/jhp.2022.45

Scopus ID: 85135503780
  Abstract View: 3347
  PDF Download: 1374

Original Article

Anti-ulcer effects of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), and caraway (Carum carvi L.) essential oils on peptic ulcer and ulcerative colitis models in rats

Nehad Naem Hamed Shosha 1 ORCID logo, Nouran M. Fahmy 2,3 ORCID logo, Abdel Nasser B. Singab 2,3 ORCID logo, Radwa Wahid Mohamed 1* ORCID logo

1 Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of women for Arts Science and Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
3 Centre for Drug Discovery and Development Research, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
*Corresponding Author: *Corresponding author: Radwa Wahid Mohamed, Email: , Email: radwa.whaid@women.asu.edu.eg

Abstract

Introduction: Essential oils are considered a potential alternative to synthetic drugs in the management of diseases such as peptic ulcer (PU) and ulcerative colitis (UC). This study is concerned with comparing the therapeutic effects of Cuminum cyminum L, Carum carvi L, and Thymus vulgaris L. essential oils on PU and UC models induced by ethanol.

Methods: Rats were divided into 10 groups; control groups were treated with saline and experimental groups with 500 mg/kg body weight of C. cyminum, C. carvi, or T. vulgaris essential oil. Curative effects were determined by measuring tissue oxidative markers, such as reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxidase (MPO), as well as the inflammatory marker prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), stomach pepsin (PEP), and colon alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Biochemical and histological examinations were done on stomach and colon tissues.

Results: The current study proved the anti-ulcer effects of C. cyminum, C. carvi, and T. vulgaris essential oils. They improved the oxidative and inflammatory markers in both stomach and colon tissues and modulated stomach PEP and colon ALP activities. T. vulgaris essential oil modulated GSH and MDA levels resulting in a significant elevation in GSH levels by 120.43% and 99.46% and a significant reduction in MDA levels by 20.05% and 24.1% in PU and UC models, respectively. C. carvi essential oil was the most effective in restoring PGE2 by 71.51% compared to UC group. Results were confirmed by the morphological and histopathological changes.

Conclusion: C. cyminum, C. carvi, or T. vulgaris essential oils might be used in the management of acute PU and UC.


Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: Cumin, caraway, and thyme essential oils improve the lesions of peptic ulcer and ulcerative colitis and reduce the related side effects. These essential oils might be recommended to physicians as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of ulcers. Please cite this paper as: Shosha NNH, Fahmy NM, Singab ANB, Mohamed RW. Anti-ulcer effects of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), and caraway (Carum carvi L.) essential oils on peptic ulcer and ulcerative colitis models in rats. J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2022;11(3):389-400. doi: 10.34172/jhp.2022.45.
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Submitted: 31 Jan 2022
Revision: 21 Apr 2022
Accepted: 21 Apr 2022
ePublished: 25 Jun 2022
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