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J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2022;11(2): 245-252.
doi: 10.34172/jhp.2022.29

Scopus ID: 85129513517
  Abstract View: 1618
  PDF Download: 801

Original Article

Assessment of gastroprotective activity of aqueous leaf extract of Ageratum conyzoides L.: Role of mucous cells, anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) and tumor suppressor (p53) proteins

Dayo Rotimi Omotoso 1* ORCID logo, Gerald Ikechi Eze 2 ORCID logo

1 Department of Human Anatomy, Redeemer’s University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
2 Department of Anatomy, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
*Corresponding Author: Email: dayohmts@gmail.com

Abstract

Introduction: Generally, factors that up-regulate gastric mucosal protective factors or down-regulate aggressive factors contribute to the maintenance of mucosal integrity. This study was done to assess the role of mucous cells, Bcl-2 and p53 proteins during the gastroprotective activity of aqueous extract of Ageratum conyzoides.Methods: The phytochemistry of A. conyzoides extract was analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. Animals were subdivided into five groups, including non-treated normal control group A, non-treated test control group B, and treated groups C-E (Pre-treated with 100, 300, and 500 mg/kg A. conyzoides, respectively for 28 days). After the treatment period, pyloric-ligation was used to induce mucosal injury. Gastric tissues were harvested, grossly examined, and processed for histological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical studies. Stained sections were examined and quantified using image-J software. The data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS (version 23), and comparisons were checked via t test and analysis of variance.Results: Mild mucosal erosion was observed in the treated groups, but intense erosion was prominent in the test control animals. There was an insignificant increase in mucous cells, a significant (P < 0.05) increase in Bcl-2 expression without a significant increase in p53 expression in gastric mucosa of pre-treated animals compared to normal control. Gastric mucosa of test control showed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in mucous cell count and Bcl-2 expression with a significant concomitant increase in p53 expression.Conclusion: Increased mucous cell population and reciprocal expressions of Bcl-2 and p53 proteins in the gastric mucosa of animals highlighted the sub-cellular mechanisms of gastroprotective activity of A. conyzoides.

Ageratum conyzoides L. extract exhibited gastroprotective effects by down-regulating the gastric mucosal aggressive factor and up-regulating the protective factor. Thus, phytochemicals derived from the plant extract might serve as a reliable source of therapeutic agents that can be used to manage gastric ulcers.
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Submitted: 28 May 2021
Revision: 23 Jul 2021
Accepted: 24 Jul 2021
ePublished: 01 Apr 2022
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