Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology 2345-5004 11 3 2022 07 01 Screening of phytochemicals, toxicities, and activities of three Dillenia species 339 347 10.34172/jhp.2022.39 EN Pornnarong Siripiyasing https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0488-9156 Kittiya Silawong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8740-4048 Tikumporn Thooptianrat https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2158-9016 Runglawan Sudmoon https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4878-2964 Nelly Babayan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9205-7693 Lusine Khondkaryan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0578-0758 Lilit Apresyan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-5446 Tawatchai Tanee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8572-3464 Arunrat Chaveerach https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7466-4243 Journal Article 10.34172/jhp.2022.39 2021 10 11 2022 04 02 Introduction: Plants containing β-sitosterol and oleamide are important for various diseases. So, Dillenia indica, D. obovata, and D. pentagyna were investigated for phytochemicals, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity levels on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and Hela cells. The protective effect of D. pentagyna extract on a HepG2 cell line was also investigated. Methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used for phytochemical analysis. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2- yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) tetrazolium reduction (MTT) and comet assays were performed for toxicity testing and protective effects against DNA oxidative damage. Results: The major components were oleamide and β-sitosterol at 38.464-58.247% and 5.585- 6.887% with concentration and quantity of β-sitosterol at 0.2-0.37 mg/mL and 0.42-0.964 mg/g leaf. The D. indica, D. obovata, and D. pentagyna toxicities on PBMCs showed IC50 values at >430, >430, and 350 µg/mL respectively, with no significant DNA damage (P > 0.05) compared to the negative control group. All plant extracts showed toxic activity on Hela cell with IC50 values at <0.43 µg/mL and induced significant DNA damage (P < 0.05) compared to the negative control group. Conversely, the activity of the D. pentagyna extract indicated low cytotoxic activity against HepG2 (IC50>430 μg/mL), no significant (P > 0.05) DNA damage induction, significantly (P < 0.05) decreased DNA damage level, and tremendous antioxidant effect. Additionally, a combined mixture of all plants in an equal proportion revealed no IC50 value and insignificant DNA damage. Conclusion: All the studied species contained oleamide and β-sitosterol, with toxicity on Hela cells without toxicity on PBMC. The D. pentagyna species showed high antioxidant effects and no toxicity on HepG2.